Section outline

    • There is there?}
      There are are there?}


          * There is a boy in this picture.
          * There is a cat in this picture.
          * There is an aeroplane in this picture.
          * Is there an aeroplane in this picture? Yes, there is.
          * Is there a train in this picture? No, there isn’t.
          * There are footballs in this picture.
          * There are flowers in this picture.
          * Are there flowers in this picture? Yes, there are.
          * Are there cups and saucers in this picture? No, there are not.
          * There are two waiters in this picture.
          * Are there two waiters in this picture? Yes, there are.
          * Are there three waiters in this picture? No, there are not three waiters; there are two.

    • Singular number : (one) Plural number 
      (two, three, four, etc.)
      a boy boys
      a window windows
      a tree trees
      the boy the boys
      the window the windows
      the tree the trees
      a man men
      a woman women
      a child children
      the man the men
      the woman the women
      the child the children



      Singular + s = Plural 
      Exceptions

      Singular Plural
      man, woman, child men, women, children

      Affirmative :

      Singular Plural
      It is They are
         This is These are
        That is Those are
      There is There are

       Interrogative :

      Singular Plural
      Is it? Are they?
      Is this? Are these?
      Is that? Are those?
      Is there? Are there?

      Negative :

      Singular Plural
      It is not (it isn’t) They are not (they aren’t)
      This is not (this isn’t These are not (these aren’t)
      That is not (that isn’t) Those are not (those aren’t)
      There is not (there isn’t) There are not (there aren’t)

       

      Examples:

      Singular :
          * This is a cigarette.
          * This is a man.
          * That is a mountain.
          * The man is a waiter.
          * That is not a king.
          * That is not a queen.
          * Is this an aeroplane?
          * Is this an egg?
          * Is it a good egg?
          * Is this a good cigarette?
          * Is that egg good?
          * The window is open.
          * That egg is bad.
          * This cigarette is good.
          * That is an egg; it is in the egg-cup.
          * This window is open.
          * This door is closed.
          * The picture is on the wall.
          * That boy is near the door.
          * This boy isn’t near the window.
          * This isn’t a mountain.
          * It isn’t an aeroplane.

      Plural
          * These are cigarettes.
          * These are men.
          * Those are mountains.
          * The men are waiters.
          * Those are not kings.
          * Those are not queens.
          * Are these aeroplanes?
          * Are these eggs?
          * Are they good eggs?
          * Are these good cigarettes.
          * Are those eggs good?
          * The windows are open.
          * Those eggs are bad.
          * These cigarettes are good.
          * Those are eggs; they are in the egg-cups.
          * These windows are open.
          * These doors are closed.
          * The pictures are on the wall (or walls).
          * Those boys are near the door (or doors).
          * These boys aren’t near the window (or windows).
          * These aren’t mountains.
          * They aren’t aeroplanes.

    • Affirmative 

          - This is a pencil.
          - This is a ship.
          - That is an umbrella.
          - Those are mountains.
          - It is a boy.
          - They are waiters.
          - It is a good egg.
          - They are good cigarettes.
          - This cigarette is good.
          - This egg is bad.
          - This window is open.
          - The doors are closed.
          - There is a clock on the wall.
          - There is an inkpot on the


      Negative

          - This is not (isn't) a pencil.
          - This is not (isn't) a ship.
          - That is not (isn't) an umbrella.
          - Those are not (aren't) mountains.
          - It is not (isn't) a boy.
          - They are not (aren't) waiters.
          - It is not (isn't) a good egg.
          - They are not (aren't) good cigarettes.
          - This cigarette is not (isn't) good.
          - This egg is not (isn't) bad.
          - This window is not (isn't) open.
          - The doors are not (aren't) closed.
          - There isn't a clock on the wall.
          - There isn't an inkpot on the table.

    • EXERCISES 

      I. Give the plural of these words: 


         - star
         - a mountain
         - a tree
         - a shilling
         - a king
         - the waiter
         - the queen
         - a man
         - the man
         - a woman
         - the woman
         - an eye
         - an inkpot
         - a waiter
         - an aeroplane

      II. Make these plural: 


         - this waiter
         - this tea-cup
         - this king
         - this egg
         - that wall
         - that picture
         - that mountain
         - that window
         - this man
         - that woman

       III. Make these plural: 

      Example:  Singular—This is a king. Plural—These are kings.


         - This is a star.
         - This is a boy.
         - This is a shilling.
         - That is a saucer.
         - That is a flower.
         - That is a mountain.
         - Is this a mountain?
         - Is this a shilling?
         - Is this a man?
         - Is that a football?
         - Is that a train?
         - Is that an aeroplane?
         - Is the window open?
         - Is the door closed?
         - Is the boy near the window?
         - That is not a king.

      IV. Make these negative: 


          - That is a king.
          - This is a motor-car.
          - This is a cat.
          - That is a mountain.
          - That is a football.
          - That is a flower.
          - Those are kings.
          - Those are motor-cars.
          - Those are cats.
          - These are mountains.
          - Those are footballs.
          - Those are flowers.
          - It is a cat.
          - It is a dog.
          - It is an umbrella.
          - They are cats.
          - They are dogs.
          - They are umbrellas.
          - That is a bad egg.
          - This is a good cigarette.
          - This is a good egg.
          - This egg is bad.
          - This cigarette is good.
          - This egg is good.

      V. Make these interrogative: 


          - That is a dog.
          - This is a train.
          - That is a door.
          - Those are aeroplanes.
          - This is a pencil.
          - That is a window.
          - That is a clock.
          - It is a cat.
          - They are waiters.
          - That is an umbrella.
          - That egg is bad.
          - The aeroplane is in the sky.
          - That is a bad egg.
          - The window is open.
          - The man is in the motor-car.
          - This is an egg-cup.
          - The cat is under the umbrella.
          - The train is in the station.
          - The cigarette is on the table.
          - The mouse is under the table.
          - The plate is on the table.
          - The apple is on the plate.
          - The dog is in the aeroplane.
          - The pencil is on the table.
          - The shilling is under the plate.